How are school spending cuts affecting students and teachers?

This article looked at how the state-funded schools during the Great Recession. The information gathered here is critical since it explains why the state should accept equity in education finance if long-term gains are to be realized. It also examines the current poverty rates in the various schools. It is important for my report because it is a source of evidence on public school funding.

Edward Todd Beadle "Four-Year-Old Kindergarten Should Not Be Optional, But a Necessary Program for Low-Performing School Districts" (2016). This article proposes the introduction of kindergartens in schools for younger children to solve the issue of underperformance in schools in low-income neighborhoods. Having mentioned the disparities in the state funding of schools, it would form a vital part of my essay since it provides information on how differences in academic performance can be increased by state dedicating funds for schools in low-income neighborhoods.

Birkhead, Nathaniel A. "State Budgetary Delays in an Era of Party Polarization." State and Local Government Review 48.4 (2016): 259-269.

The book pays details on what are the effects of the budgetary allocations delays. It concerns itself with the political implications of the delays as the democrats and the republicans may interpret the delays differently. It is a good source for my essay since it provides the political effects of states reduced funding to schools and teachers.

Braman, Shawn M. The New Normal after the Great Recession of 2009: A qualitative case study of a rural school district in Ohio. Diss. Ashland University, 2017.

This dissertation looks at what became of state funding of schools after the great recession. It takes a case study of a rural school in Ohio. It is essential in my essay since the Great depression helped in reshaping how the state went about the funding of schools.

Chernick, Howard, and Andrew Reschovsky. "The fiscal condition of US cities: Revenues, expenditures, and the “Great Recession.”" Journal of Urban Affairs 39.4 (2017): 488-505.

This journal takes into consideration the effects the great recession had on the state's expenditure. It is of interest to us since these fiscal spending also entails funding of the schools. It would help in my essay in that it would help me in knowing the effect the great recession had on state expenditure.

Disha, Erind. "Establishing Public Banks to Address State and Local Government Fiscal Problems." (2016).

This report addresses the issue of state funding to schools by looking at the differences that exist between the state and the federal government. It provides information on how the state government, unlike the federal government, has to raise revenue before spending it. It provides a solution to the problem by advocating for the establishment of public banks. It would form a vital component of my essay since it gives information on how the long standing of state funding can be addressed.

Expenditure, Per-pupil. Florida Not-for-Profit and For-Profit Charter Schools. Diss. Baker University, 2016.

This doctoral dissertation looks at the differences in expenditure per pupil for schools in Florida. It classifies the schools into for profit and not for profit charter schools. Although a source of valid information I would not use it in my essay since it only provides information that is distantly related to my essay.

Goodwin, A. Lin. "Who is in the Classroom Now? Teacher Preparation and the Education of Immigrant Children." Educational Studies 53.5 (2017): 433-449.

This article talks about the effects of teacher preparing for his or her job. It pays particular details to the effects teacher preparation has on the immigrant students. It does not address the issue of state funding and as such cannot be used in this essay. This is because one is left to answer himself the question whether the state funding relates to teacher preparation.

Jamieson, Kathleen Hall, and Stephen Macedo. "When it comes to civic education, a stark opportunity gap exists between low-income and high-income Americans. Students at more affluent schools are far more likely to benefit from." Sciences 142 (2013): 76.

This report takes an indirect approach to the issue of state funding to schools. It looks at the differences that exist between a student from affluent schools and those from low-income schools. It would be a good source of general information since these disparities are some of the emerging issues concerning state funding of schools.

Keppler, Samantha Meyer, and Karen R. Smilowitz. "Qualitative Pre-Modeling: Uncovering the School Resource Acquisition Problem." (2017).

This report looks at the inadequate funding of the state to the US primary schools. In addition, it pays a close look at how the school leaders can be able to make good use of the limited resources availed to them. It would make a good source of general information in my essay.

Knight, David S. "Are Higher-Need School Districts Disproportionately Impacted by State Funding Cuts? School Finance Equity in Texas Following the Great Recession." (2016): 2016-1.

This report in particular looks at the effects of the reduced state funding of various schools in Texas. The report brings into details how the cut was disproportional since it did not take into consideration the varying needs of the different schools. Information obtained here is vital concerning the essay in that it addresses the disproportional reduction of state funding to schools.

Knight, David S. "Are School Districts Allocating Resources Equitably? Teacher Experience Gaps and the Every Student Succeeds Act." (2016).

This one looks at the in equitability of how districts fund various schools. It pays into consideration whether the funding is proportion. It would form a core part of my essay since “proportional funding” is an emerging issue about the state funding of various schools.

Knight, David S., and David E. DeMatthews. "Are School Districts Allocating Resources Equitably? Implications for Title I Funding and the Every Student Succeeds Act."

The issue of disparities in state funding of schools is addressed here. The report looks at the effects of the variations in the state funding on individual students performance. It would help in my essay since as earlier mentioned the impact of disparities in state funding of schools is an emerging issue.

LaPlante, Josephine M. "Unequal Opportunities and Inequitable Outcomes: Rethinking Education Finance Policy Design for a Global Society." Positioning Markets and Governments in Public Management. IGI Global, 2018. 209-239.

This one reviews the disparities brought about the discrepancies in state funding of schools. Differences exist on how state funds various schools within its borders and this generates a feeling inequity among the locals. It is essential in my essay since it covers the effects of the state funding of various schools.

Smith, Steven R. "Managing the challenges of government contracts." The Jossey-Bass handbook of nonprofit leadership and management (2005): 371-390.

This book is essential in that in as much as it does not take a direct approach to the question of state funding of schools, it gives information on how states can manage and control its funding of nonprofit organizations which schools are a part. Besides the above, it is readily accessible in a web search. I will use it in my essay to help me understand some of the challenges associated with state funding of various nonprofit organizations.